高一英语第一课知识点详解

高一英语第一课知识点详解
高一英语第一课知识点详解

高一英语第一课知识点详解
必修1 module 1
Module 1 My First Day at Senior High
1) enthusiastic adj. 热情的
He is enthusiastic about helping others. 他热心助人.
He doesn't know much about the subject, but he's very enthusiastic.
他对这事所知不多, 但却极感兴趣.
His idea received an enthusiastic response.他的想法获得热烈的响应.
2) amaze vt. 使惊异; 使惊奇; 使吃惊 amazed adj. 感到惊讶的 amazing adj. 令人惊异的
Her knowledge amazes me. 她的学识令我吃
I was amazed by the news of George's sudden death.
His amazing intelligence led him to make many discoveries.
3) instruction n.指示；命令；[pl.]用法说明；操作指南；（输入计算机的）指令
The doctor's instructions must be fulfilled exactly.医生的指示必须严格遵行.
The teacher gave them instructions to arrive early tomorrow morning.
Be sure to follow your teacher’s instructions while doing an experiment.
Before you take the medicine, you should read the instructions on the bottle carefully.
4) method n.方法; 办法; 条理; 秩序
【注意】 method指科学的、合乎逻辑的有效方法,侧重指较高层次的有系统的方法,其后可接of短语,不接不定式.
Our teacher is showing us a new method of writing.
If you want to solve the problem, you must use method, rather than luck.
If you had used more method, you wouldn't have wasted so much time
5) bore vt. 烦扰,使厌烦
【注意】bore通常跟with连用
The long speech bored us all. 那冗长的演讲使我们都感到厌烦.
He always bores her with the same story
bored adj. 厌烦的
boring adj.令人厌烦的
His long boring story made me yawn. 他的冗长的故事听得我直打呵欠.
6) embarrass vt. 使窘迫; 使局促不安; 使尴尬; 使感到拮据; 妨碍; 阻碍
She was embarrassed when they kept telling her how clever she was.
A large family embarrassed him.他子女多, 这使他经济拮据.
embarrassed adj. 感到为难的
She was embarrassed when they kept telling her how clever she was.
I am embarrassed to admit that I made many mistakes in this investigation.
embarrassing adj.令人困窘的; 令人为难的
I don't like making speeches in public; it's so embarrassing.
There was an embarrassing silence after her careless remark, but she laughed it off.
7) attitude n.姿势; 态度; 看法; 姿势
take a correct attitude towards… 对…抱正确态度
What I was surprised at was his attitude towards his study.
From different stands there follow different attitudes.
As you get older your attitude towards death changes.
8) behaviour n. [U] 行为; 举止;表现
An unhappy home environment can affect a child's behaviour
Such behaviour lost him our trust.
Someday you will answer for your foolish behaviour
behave vi. 行为; 举止; 待人; 表现; 举止端正; 守规矩
You really behave quite well.你的确表现十分出色.
If you behave like that, you'll get yourself disliked.
Behave yourself; don't make a fool of yourself. 注意你的举止, 别闹出笑话来.
It's hard to train children to behave well at the table.
You must promise to behave at the party before I can consider taking you along.
9) *previous adj.先的; 前的; 以前的; 过早的; 过急的
His previous attempt was successful.
In previous times, I didn’t realize how valuable his advice was.
The previous train was delayed by the bad weather.
You are a little previous in learning English.你在学习英语上有点过急.
10) description n. 描写; 描述; 记述
beyond / past description 难以形容
give / make a description of… 就…作一描述
answer ( to ) the description 与描述相符
The beauty of the sunrise is beyond description. 日出的美景难以描述.
This girl gave a vivid description of the event.
11) technology n. 技术; 工艺; 工程; 方法 science and technology 科学和技术
The government saw the introduction of new technology as vital
The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology.
12) *impress vt. 使印象深刻; 使铭记; 使感动; 使留下印象
She impressed me as a woman of great kindness.在我印象中,她是一位非常仁慈的女性.
What impressed me most was that they never lost heart.
impress sb. with sth. (=impress sth. on sb. 或 impress sb. sth.)使某人铭记/牢记某事
My father impressed me with the importance of work.父亲要我铭记工作的重要性.
They impressed on their children the virtue of always telling the truth.
be impressed by / at / with 被…所感动; 使(某人)印象深刻
【注意】不用进行时
13) encouragement n.鼓励; 支持; 鼓励；赞同
Praise acts as an encouragement to the young.称赞对于青年来说是一种鼓励.
14,attitude Describe your attitude to studying English.
have a attitude to / towards sb, / sth.
15) disappoint vt. 使失望; 使沮丧; 使扫兴; 破坏(计划),使(希望)落空
I'm sorry to disappoint you, but I can't come after al
disappointing adj. 令人失望的,灰心的,扫兴的
What disappointing news it is! 多扫兴的消息.
disappointed adj. (指人)失望的,扫兴的
Since he lost the election he is a disappointed man. 他落选之后,一直很失意.
16) system n.系统; 体系; 体制; 方法; 方式
Do you know how to log in to the system? 你知道怎么登录进入这个系统吗?
Modern factories are equipped with automatic systems.现代化的工厂装备有自动化系统.
17) cover vt. 覆盖; 遮盖; 占有(面积); 采访(新闻); 包括; 包含; 论及; 走过; 支付(开支等); 弥补(损失等
Do the rules cover all possible cases? 这些规则是否通用于所有可能的情
How many pages have you covered? 你已读了多少页书?
Will 150 dollars cover the cost of a new bike? 一百元够不够买辆新自行车.
18) divide vt. 分; 划分; 分配; 分享; 分担; 隔开
divide the profit分配利润
Mother divided the food into four equal shares.母亲把食物分成相同的四份
divided adj.被分割的; 分开的; 对立的, 意见分歧的
a divided country分裂的国家
【辨析】divide和 separate
divide 指施加外力或自然地把某人或某物由整体分成若干部分,
如: divide the candies among the children给孩子们把糖块分开.
separate指把原来在一起的人或物分开, 或把混杂在一起的东西分开, 有时含有强行分隔的意味, 也可指“离别”,如果指由于某种自然障碍而造成的阻隔, 其后常与from连用, 可与divide通用.
注意：被divide分开的东西在一定的条件下具有统一性,被separate分开的东西没有统一性.
19) similar adj.相像的,相似的;近似的
Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way the boys and girls respond to similar situation.
同孩子们呆在一起的任何人都知道男孩和女孩之间对相似情形反映的不同之处.
be similar to… 与…相似
My wife and I have similar tastes in music.我妻子与我有相似的音乐爱好.
be similar in在…相似
Gold is similar in colour to brass. 金与黄铜的颜色相似.
The two cars ate similar in appearance, but the new one is more brightly coloured.
similarly adv.同样地; 类似于
Jogging is an effective way to keep fit. Similarly, swimming is helpful for bodybuilding.
慢跑是一种锻炼身体的有效方法,同样地,游泳对于保持健康也有帮助.
【辨析】similar,like与alike
similar指有明显的共同性质, 但不完全一致或同一.like指事物在外貌、性质或特征上非常相似以致区别不开,但并非同一.alike意义同like,但只能作表语.
A similar mistake occurs at the end of the paragraph. 这一段末尾有一个类似的错误.
Like thinking produces like ideas. 相似的思维产生相似的主张.
He and his brother are very alike. 他们兄弟俩太相似了.
19) in other words 换句话说; 也就是
To help students develop the social skills, schools offer a large number of after-school activities,
in other words, activities that take place outside classroom lessons.
为帮助学生发展社交技能,学校安排大量的课外活动,即在教室里上完课后进行的活动.
20) look forward to sth. / doing sth. 期待某事物/ 做某事
I am looking forward to seeing you again. 我盼望再见到你
21) far from 离…很远; 远远不
The sun is far (away) from the earth. 太阳离地球很远.
Your home is not far from here.So you needn’t have left in such a hurry then．
Your work is far from (being) satisfactory. 你的工作远远不能令人满意.
22) nothing like 一点也不象; 没有什么能比得上
Her cooking is nothing like as good as yours. 她做饭的手艺绝比不上你.
The town offers entertainments of a kind, but nothing like what you'll find in the city.
23) take part in 参加(某一活动并发挥作用)
He makes it a rule to take part in some physical labor though he is old
Every summer vacation I'll take part in social practice.每年暑假我都参加社会实践.
【辨析】take part in, attend和join(in)
take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等,
attend主要指出席,参加某一活动,强调出席者只是在其中“听”或“看”等,不起积极作用,主要指参加会议；上课(学)；参加典礼(葬礼)；听演讲等
join可指参加某一团体或组织,成为其中一员
join in多指参加比赛或活动,参加竞赛、娱乐、游戏、谈话等某项具体活动,常用于口语.
有时join in后不跟宾语.
I first just watched the game,then was invited to join in. 我起初只是看比赛,后来被邀请参加.
join (sb.) in join…in
活学活用：
（1）He _____ yesterday’s lecture and found it interesting.
（2）The teacher _____ us in the experiment.
（3）Thousands of workers _____ the strike.
（4）Did you _____ the meeting last week?
Answers:（1）attended （2）joined（3）took part in（4）attend
24) 倍数表达法
① 倍数 + as + 形容词原级 + as … 是…的…倍
倍数 + as + many + 可数名词 + as … 是…的…倍
倍数 + as + much + 不可数名词 + as … 是…的…倍
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大./ 亚洲比欧洲大三倍
They have twice as many students as our school. 他们学生的数量是我们学校的两倍.
They need four times as much water as they had.
他们需要水的数量是他们所有数量的四倍
② 倍数 + 比较级 + than… 比…倍
Our total income of 2006 increased three times more than that of 2004.
我们2006年的总收入比2004年的增加了两倍.
③ 倍数 + the + 名词 ( 如：height, length,width,area等 ) + of 是…的…倍
The moon is one-third the size of the earth. 月亮是地球的三分之一那么大.
25, make sb / sth. + adj.
26, would you mind / Do you mind …?
27, So have I
28, to one’s + n. 令某人…的是
29, How’s it going? 最近怎么样?
how are you doing?